Questões sobre Sinonimos

Inglês - Sinônimos - Centro de Seleção e de Promoção de Eventos UnB (CESPE) - 2021

As American federal authorities and cybersecurity experts rush to identify the full scope of the SolarWinds compromise, the list of known targets grows. The fallout from the cyberattack on the Texas-based software company appears to be vast, with a slew of powerful U.S. government agencies and businesses seemingly being infected by hackers who are believed to be affiliated with Russia.

SolarWinds says it has identified 18,000 customers potentially affected by the incident, which saw the culprits hijack software updates for a widely-used IT monitoring tool called "Orion" to spread malware, seemingly with the intention of espionage. The consequences of the brazen cyber-assault, which was first discovered by security firm FireEye after it too was infiltrated by the same group, are yet to be understood. But experts fear the hackers' access could be exploited to steal sensitive information or destroy and falsify government data, and warn it could take years to fix.

While the full list of victims is unclear and expanding almost daily Microsoft said its teams had identified more than 40 of its customers the attackers had aimed at "more precisely and compromised through additional and sophisticated measures."

It now seems likely the scope of the victims could be broad. Microsoft said the initial list included security, technology and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) alongside the government targets. It said 80 percent of attacks that it logged were U.S. based. "This is not 'espionage as usual,' even in the digital age. Instead, it represents an act of recklessness that created a serious technological vulnerability for the United States and the world," Brad Smith, president of the U.S. tech giant, wrote on Thursday.

"The attack unfortunately represents a broad and successful espionage-based assault on both the confidential information of the U.S. government and the tech tools used by firms to protect them. The attack is ongoing," the executive continued. Analysis is ongoing to determine which companies were impacted by the hack, as just because an entity used Orion is not evidence that it was actively compromised.

Internet: <www.newsweek.com> (adapted).

Considering the text above, judge the following item.

In "It now seems likely the scope of the victims could be broad", the word 'likely' is a synonymous with lovely.

# Questão 669230

Inglês - Sinônimos - GS Assessoria e Concursos - 2020

Read the text below and answer the question:

CHINA PLANS TO REDUCE SINGLE-USE PLASTICS

China has unveiled ambitious plans to drastically reduce single-use plastics by 2025. China's National Development and Reform Commission is fast-tracking a number of measures designed to slash the production and use of plastics over the next five years. It announced that by the end of 2020, non-biodegradable plastic bags will be banned in supermarkets and shopping malls in major cities. The ban will also apply to food delivery services, which use vast amounts of the plastics. Single-use plastic straws and cutlery used by food takeaway services will be banned nationwide by the end of this year. China will encourage the use of alternative materials such as non-plastic products and biodegradable shopping bags.

Single-use plastics are one of the world's biggest sources of plastic pollution. They have become a ubiquitous part of daily life and a part of our throwaway culture. The Chinese authorities set a goal of reducing the "intensity of consumption" in order to reverse our reliance on single-use plastics. Previous regulations to curb plastic use, in 2008, led to an estimated cut in plastic bag production of 67 billion bags. The United Nations said it is urgent that all countries adopt policies similar to those China is introducing. It said: "We are already unable to cope with the amount of plastic waste we generate, unless we rethink the way we manufacture, use and manage plastics."

Available on: https://breakingnewsenglish.com/2001/200122-single-use-plastics.html. Accessed on January, 22nd 2020.

...a part of our throwaway culture. The underlined word has as a synonym:

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

# Questão 669254

Inglês - Sinônimos - FURB - 2020

In any language, some words can be replaced without changing the complete meaning. Observe the vocabulary in the first column and their possible synonyms in the second column. Match the columns relating vocabulary to its synonym:
First Column: Vocabulary 1- but 2- excellent 3- compliment 4- assume 5- should
Second Column: Synonym ( ) terrific ( ) nevertheless ( ) suppose ( ) praise ( ) ought to
Choose the alternative that presents the correct match:

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

# Questão 669274

Inglês - Sinônimos - GSA CONCURSOS - 2020

CRIMINALS HAVE SMALLER BRAIN SIZE, SAYS STUDY

A new study has found that antisocial people are more likely to have smaller areas of their brain. Researchers said criminals' brains had a different structure to the brains of people who followed the law. The study is published in the journal "Lancet Psychiatry". Researchers used data from 672 people born in 1972-73. They looked at records of the people's antisocial behaviour between the ages of seven and 26. At the age of 45, the researchers scanned the people's brains. Eighty of the people had a history of criminal and antisocial behaviour from being early teenagers. Researchers found that the areas of the brain linked to emotions, motivation and behaviour control were smaller in the long-term criminals' brains.

Professor Terrie Moffitt, a co-author of the research, said the research could help doctors understand what is behind long-term antisocial behaviour. She said the antisocial people in the study may have behaved badly because of their brain structure. She said: "They are actually operating under some [disability] at the level of the brain." She added that because of this, we needed to care for these people in a kinder way. Lead author Dr Christina Carlisi said: "Differences in brain structure might make it difficult for people to develop social skills. This may prevent them from engaging in antisocial behaviour. These people could benefit from more support throughout their lives."

Available on: https://breakingnewsenglish.com/2002/200221-brain-size.html Accessed on: March, 20th 2020.

These people could benefit from more support throughout their lives." The word in bold can be replaced in the previous sentence by:

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

# Questão 669276

Inglês - Sinônimos - GSA CONCURSOS - 2020

CRIMINALS HAVE SMALLER BRAIN SIZE, SAYS STUDY

A new study has found that antisocial people are more likely to have smaller areas of their brain. Researchers said criminals' brains had a different structure to the brains of people who followed the law. The study is published in the journal "Lancet Psychiatry". Researchers used data from 672 people born in 1972-73. They looked at records of the people's antisocial behaviour between the ages of seven and 26. At the age of 45, the researchers scanned the people's brains. Eighty of the people had a history of criminal and antisocial behaviour from being early teenagers. Researchers found that the areas of the brain linked to emotions, motivation and behaviour control were smaller in the long-term criminals' brains.

Professor Terrie Moffitt, a co-author of the research, said the research could help doctors understand what is behind long-term antisocial behaviour. She said the antisocial people in the study may have behaved badly because of their brain structure. She said: "They are actually operating under some [disability] at the level of the brain." She added that because of this, we needed to care for these people in a kinder way. Lead author Dr Christina Carlisi said: "Differences in brain structure might make it difficult for people to develop social skills. This may prevent them from engaging in antisocial behaviour. These people could benefit from more support throughout their lives."

Available on: https://breakingnewsenglish.com/2002/200221-brain-size.html Accessed on: March, 20th 2020.

... we needed to care for these people in a kinder way. The underlined part means:

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

# Questão 669301

Inglês - Sinônimos - FUNDATEC - 2020

Which is NOT a synonym for the word currently (l. 11), considering only the meaning and the context presented in the text:

A)

B)

C)

D)

# Questão 669109

Inglês - Sinônimos - Centro de Seleção e de Promoção de Eventos UnB (CESPE) - 2020

As a young democracy, Brazil has confronted economic and financial upheavals in the past. The countrys economic crisis of 20142017 saw a drastic fall in gross domestic product (GDP), stark rise in unemployment, a severe fiscal crisis, and an increased budget deficit. Since then, the economy has been a prominent issue in political conversations, especially regarding globalization and the ways in which trade liberalization can affect economic growth. Those running for office in 2018 differed slightly in this debate, and comparing the proposals and backgrounds of their economic advisors was as important as comparing the candidates themselves.

Lara Bartilotti Picanço, Mariana Nozela Prado & Andrew Allen.

Economy and Trade Brazil 2018 Understanding

the Issues. August 14, 2018. Internet: <www.wilsoncenter.org> (adapted).

Considering the text above, judge the following item.

In especially regarding globalization and the ways in which trade liberalization can affect economic growth (third sentence), the word growth can be substituted by the word expansion without substantially changing the meaning of the sentence.

# Questão 658748

Inglês - Sinônimos - OMNI - 0000

Leia o texto para responder à questão.

BOOK REVIEW: HOW TO TEACH ENGLISH BY

JEREMY HARMER

Right at the top of the recommended reading list for Eton Institutes TESOL (Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages) program is How to Teach English by Jeremy Harmer. Alisa W., TESOL graduate from Eton Institute, shares with us a review of the book and how it helped her own personal TESOL journey.

Prior to the training course I took to learn how to be an EFL teacher, I had no formal teacher training, I had a limited exposure to different styles of teaching, and I had never even done basic self-reflection about why I preferred some instructors over others (I always assumed it was their personality that I enjoyed). If the CEFR gave teacher ratings, I would be at the A1.1 level. I read How to Teach English by Jeremy Harmer as part of my TESOL training course, and it was perfect for my level. It is by no means a replacement to a full teaching course, but it is a valuable supplement to those who are learning and a good refresher for those who have been out of practice for a while. It provides contemporary teaching practices and keeps its descriptions pithy and hands-on.

While some of the sections are a bit obvious or too shallow to be useful, the book is so well organized that it is easy to find what you need and skip over what you dont. Each chapter is divided into main sections (also listed in the table of contents), and subdivided again, bolds important words, and features a list at the end of the chapter that allows you to briefly review what you just read.

As with any well-designed reference book, the glossary, index, and appendices in the back are good sources for extending your self-education as a teacher.

The book comes with a DVD that has clips from real classes so you can observe good teaching practice in the comfort of your pyjamas and the support of a bowl of chips. The DVD wouldnt play on my MacBook, so I cant tell you if it is helpful or not. Another feature that is nice-to-have-but-I-didnt-use is the Task Files at the back. After completing a chapter, you can quiz yourself by completing info tables, answering multiple-choice questions, matching definitions, and the like.

Adaptado de: ETON INSTITUTE. Disponível em: https://etoninstitute.com/blog/book-review-how-toteach-english-by-jeremy-harmer. Acesso em 27 mar. 2021.

Mark the word which could substitute the word shallow with no prejudice of meaning.

A)

B)

C)

D)

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