Questões de Língua Inglesa

Read the text below in order to answer questions

The politics of administrative reform

Most countries of Latin America stabilized and opened their economies in the first generation of market oriented reforms in the 1980s and early 1990s. Now they face a much more costly and protracted task of rebuilding state capacity to deliver social services, regulate the economy, avoid recurrent fiscal crises, and improve the overall functioning of government. Why have some countries progressed further on administrative reform than other countries? Administrative reform usually starts with small groups of reformers within the executive branch. Among factors that facilitate reform are: balance of payments and fiscal crises, middle class and rural support, and the effective packaging of reform initiatives. Contrary to much of the literature, the nature of the party system (cohesion, discipline and parity) does not explain much of the variation in reform experiences.

The author states that

• A.

  South American countries have restructured their economies.

• B.

  North American countries were poised to perform administrative changes

• C.

  South American countries have been able to stabilize their economies.

• D.

  not all the South American economies have become stable

• E.

  Latin American economies have surpassed market leaders

A plan is an executable module containing the access path logic produced by the DB2 optimizer. It can be composed of one or more DBRM and Packages. According to the text, which statement best defines a Plan?

• A.

  A Plan can be composed of one DBRM.

• B.

  A Plan is an executable module that contains the access path logic.

• C.

  A Plan does not contain access path logic.

• D.

  A Plan can be composed of one or more DBRM.

Consider the figure below showing a hypothetical situation. A criminal holds an hostage and against that, a cop (policeman) also holds an hostage who is a friend of the criminal. In this case, criminal is not going to let the hostage go if cop won't let his friend to let go. Also the cop is not going to let the friend of criminal let go, unless the criminal releases the hostage.

Analysing the situation from an Operational System´s point of view, a correct conclusion is

• A. a starvation occurs when multiple processes try to access the same resource at the same time.
• B. when two threads need two different resources and each of them has the lock of the resource that the other need, it is a deadlock.
• C. a lock occurs when one thread is still holding on to another resource that the second thread wants after it finishes.
• D. a starvation occurs when the waiting process is no more still holding on to another resource that the first needs before it can finish.
• E. deadlocks will only occur when two or more threads can be acquired in different times and they are grabbing no resources.

Read the text below in order to answer questions 17 to 20.

Software

A substantial proportion of information can be digitized. It seems likely that soon, for example, any type of information that can be perceived, i.e. seen, heard, felt, smelt or tasted, will be reducible to a collection of bits. Once in digital form, the information in question can be stored, processed and displayed by a computer. Furthermore, it can readily and rapidly be transmitted from one computer to any other computer regardless of distance, political frontiers, and physical obstacles. From a digital point of view, there is absolutely no distinction between text, sounds, graphics, photographs, music, animations, videos and…software. To include software in our list, however, may seem rather odd. Why this is so? Computer programs are, after all, only digitized information like the other examples. However, there is one vital difference between software and the rest. While text, sounds, graphics, as well as the other examples given above, are generally passive in nature, software, by contrast, is essentially active. It is information with attitude! As Hart reminds us, "Computer programs are not only texts: they also behave". Software is both form and substance, both symbolic and functional, it both "is" and "does". For this reason, software is conceptually very challenging.

• A. must not be digitized in order to be stored.
• B. has to be digitized so as to be perceived.
• C. would have to be legalised to be digitized.
• D. has to be turned into graphics to be read.
• E. requires a high platform to be comprehensive.

The words " it's a smart move" (line13) refer to the fact that Microsoft and Intel will

• A.

  license their blueprint of the innards of a cell phone to manufacturers

• B.

  turn a cell phone from a simple communication device into a mini-PC

• C.

  decide the handset of a cell phone and the software it will contain

• D.

  increase the versatility of a cell phone and standardize the insides

Read the text below in order to answer questions

The politics of administrative reform

Most countries of Latin America stabilized and opened their economies in the first generation of market oriented reforms in the 1980s and early 1990s. Now they face a much more costly and protracted task of rebuilding state capacity to deliver social services, regulate the economy, avoid recurrent fiscal crises, and improve the overall functioning of government. Why have some countries progressed further on administrative reform than other countries? Administrative reform usually starts with small groups of reformers within the executive branch. Among factors that facilitate reform are: balance of payments and fiscal crises, middle class and rural support, and the effective packaging of reform initiatives. Contrary to much of the literature, the nature of the party system (cohesion, discipline and parity) does not explain much of the variation in reform experiences.

According to the text, reform experiences consist of

• A. predictable standards
• B. known trends.
• C.

  technological trends.

• D.

  unsurmountable obstacles.

• E.

  different qualities.

Japan and Europe are ahead of the US in what concerns

• A.

  popularizing mobile music

• B.

  sending instant text messages

• C.

  increasing screens and memory sizes

• D.

  offering better video services

After the Microsoft latest release, traditional cell phones will probably become

• A.

  larger

• B.

  scarce

• C.

  cheaper

• D.

  versatile

Read the text below in order to answer questions 16 to 20:

The text refers to President Cardoso's

• A.

  future visit to the United Kingdom

• B.

  refusal to visit the United Kingdom.

• C.

  decision to visit the United Kingdom

• D.

  meeting with Tony Blair and Bill Clinton

• E.

  meeting with two current presidents

Read the text below in order to answer questions 16 to 20:

According to the text, the visit in question

• A.

  had to be postponed

• B.

  took place in France.

• C.

  happened in the UK.

• D.

  lasted more than a week.

• E.

  had been agreed upon in advance