Questões de Língua Inglesa do ano 2009

Your answers to questions 17 to 20 must be based on the article below entitled "Looming water crisis simply a management problem":

 Looming water crisis simply a management problem

Source: www.newscientist.com August 20th 2008 (Adapted)

Today´s focus on the credit crisis and rising prices for food and oil has temporarily put another global scarcity in the shade: water. The UN predicts that by 2025, two-thirds of us will experience water shortages, with severe lack of water blighting the lives and livelihoods of 1.8 billion. According to the UN World Water Assessment Programme, by 2050, 7 billion people in 60 countries may have to cope with water scarcity. At this year´s World Economic Forum, UN secretary-general Ban Ki-moon recommended that water scarcity should be at the top of the international agenda. "As the global economy grows, so will its thirst," he said, warning of a future marred by conflicts over water.

There is no doubt that we need to rethink how we use water, especially with the human population growing rapidly, and global warming likely to produce unpredictable patterns of rainfall and drought. Nevertheless, my own research suggests that the situation may not be as dire as many are suggesting. Nations can thrive on surprisingly meagre quantities of fresh water – provided they adopt water-efficient technologies and encourage economic activity that does not guzzle water. I believe the looming water crisis is primarily a problem of distribution and management rather than supply. And we can solve it with existing technologies, increased investment and political will.

In paragraph 2, the author implies that the problem of distribution and management of water is

• A.

  overestimated.

• B.

  paramount.

• C.

  marginal.

• D.

  extraneous.

• E.

  secondary.

As regards the potential economic cost caused by climate change, figures

• A.

  are going to be presented.

• B.

  cannot be set.

• C.

  would have to be shown.

• D.

  seem to minimize its effect.

• E.

  do not reflect its dire threat.

In some Latin American countries, carbon dioxide emissions per unit of power

• A.

  are unacceptably high in relation to other countries.

• B.

  are considerably lower than those of India and China.

• C.

  have increased signifificantly over the last few decades.

• D.

  are being tackled through the construction of new capacity.

• E.

  need to be reduced by around 74% as soon as possible.

In relation to the constructions of hydroelectric dams in the Amazon, some environmentalists

• A.

  support and supervise them.

• B.

  have prevented them.

• C.

  devised a number of them.

• D.

  do not approve of them.

• E.

  take part in their initial plan.

As regards the use of hydroelectricity and biofuels, both are linked to

• A.

  unforeseeable reductions in carbon emissions.

• B.

  a likely cut in carbon dioxide emissions.

• C.

  the increase of carbon emissions.

• D.

  reductions in gas emissions in China.

• E.

  the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions.

According to paragraph 1, water shortages

• A.

  are foreseen.

• B.

  are not going to occur.

• C.

  would have to be calculated.

• D.

  have been compensated.

• E.

  were not dealt with.

Instruções: Para responder às questões de números 66 a 70, considere o texto a seguir.

The correct [CONNNECTOR] to fill the blank is

• A.

  moreover.

• B.

  furthermore.

• C.

  since.

• D.

  despite.

• E.

  though.

Instruções: Para responder às questões de números 66 a 70, considere o texto a seguir.

In the text, obfuscated characters refers to

• A.

  randomly rotated images.

• B.

  images for human faces.

• C.

  squiggly letters and numbers.

• D.

  fraudsters and their automated programs.

• E.

  troublesome images.

Instruções: Para responder às questões de números 66 a 70, considere o texto a seguir.

An adequate title for the above text is

• A.

  Sites Unable to Block Fraudster Abuse.

• B.

  Puzzles and Images for Machine Enhancement.

• C.

  Fraudsters Wreak Havoc in Web Sites.

• D.

  New Puzzles that Tell Humans from Machines.

• E.

  Captchas Have Come to Save Rogue Programs.

Instruções: Para responder às questões de números 66 a 70, considere o texto a seguir.

Adequate images for captchas are

• A.

  human faces.

• B.

  images easily handled by humans.

• C.

  upside down digitized texts.

• D.

  randomly selected images.

• E.

  machine-readable texts or images.