Questões de Língua Inglesa da Fundação CESGRANRIO (CESGRANRIO)

Among the solutions to minimize the risks associated with the use of fossil fuels, the author suggests the

• A.

  expansion of secure activities, such as mining for coal and drilling for oil.

• B.

  substitution of fossil fuels for natural gas, because this is a harmless source of energy.

• C.

  development of new technologies in producing energy from fossil fuels and natural resources.

• D.

  adoption of proper treatment techniques in all salt water reservoirs and the surrounding ecosystem.

• E.

  elimination of the existing regulations and the charge of fines for those who do not adopt conservation measures.

The pairs below contain a fragment from Text III and a possible translation into Portuguese. Which CANNOT be considered a correct match?

• A.

  "Some of its key findings…" (line 12) / Alguns de seus principais resultados...

• B.

  "…at an average annual rate…" (line 21) / ...a uma taxa média anual…

• C.

  "…coupled with the slowing growth of the rural population…" (line 32) / …aliado ao crescimento mais lento da população rural...

• D.

  "...has led to..." (line 33) / ...teria levado a...

• E.

  "both with around 39 per cent..." (lines 44-45) / ...ambas com aproximadamente 39 por cento...

In terms of the organization of ideas in the text,

• A.

  paragraph 1 introduces the main problems related to the consumption of fossil fuels nowadays.

• B.

  paragraph 2 emphasizes the minor role fossil fuels have been playing in the modern world.

• C.

  paragraph 3 informs that fossil fuels will never be replaced by other less polluting fuels.

• D.

  paragraph 4 explains how fossil fuels impact the environment and contribute to climate change.

• E.

  paragraph 5 brings an extensive list of ecological dangers and industrial disasters resulting from the consumption of fossil fuel.

The phrases "...will likely rise..." (line 15) and "...a major redistribution of the population." (line 33) can be correctly translated as

• A.

  é possível que aumente /– a maior redistribuição populacional.

• B.

  é certo que subirá /– a principal redistribuição demográfica.

• C.

  provavelmente aumentará –/ uma grande redistribuição da população.

• D.

  vai indubitavelmente crescer /– a máxima redistribuição popular.

• E.

  com certeza se expandirá /– uma significativa nova distribuição habitacional.

"Thus, whereas in 1950, 30 per cent of the world population lived in urban areas, by 2000 the proportion of urban dwellers had risen to 47 per cent and is expected to reach 60 per cent by 2030." (lines 33-37). The only sequence that offers suitable translations into Portuguese of the words in boldface in the sentence above is

• A.

  Por conseguinte -– enquanto -– moradores das cidades–- deve alcançar.

• B.

  Dessa forma -– visto que – migrantes urbanos -–espera-se que - chegue a.

• C.

  Entretanto -– considerando que -– habitantes das cidades –- tem-se a expectativa de que supere.

• D.

  Assim -– à medida- que – residentes - citadinos -–espera-se atingir.

• E.

  Portanto -– se – proprietários urbanos -– deve- suplantar.

Vernon Gibson believes that

• A.

  there are no new alternatives for energy generating plants.

• B.

  all power stations using coal as fuel should be closed down.

• C.

  petroleum-powered energy stations are the only substitute for dirty coal plants.

• D.

  wind, nuclear and CCS are poor alternatives for immediate and large scale use.

• E.

  a wide range of energy sources, conventional or not, will be necessary in the future.

Mark the only alternative that correctly expresses what the statistics refer to.

• A.

  45% (line 17) – the rise of world energy demand in 2007.

• B.

  17% (line 19) – the increase of energetic demands predicted for 2030.

• C.

  US$8 billion over 10 years (line 41) – the sum of investments in coal-fired power stations until 2015.

• D.

  20 gigawatts (line 44) – the energy that can be generated from wind power in 24 American states.

• E.

  $3 billion (line 61) – the amount of investments in conventional energies until the present time.

Gibson’s statement “If we just stopped burning coal the lights would go out. Period.” (lines 9-10) means that

• A.

  coal is not an efficient energy source to meet the world’s present needs.

• B.

  it is necessary to stop consuming so much electricity in the winter periods.

• C.

  the use of coal as an energy source should be condemned in the near future.

• D.

  the world must continue producing coal-based energy to avoid the shortage of power.

• E.

  the energy generated from dirty old coal will not be useful to prevent blackout periods.

The company Vernon Gibson works for has been

• A.

  building a huge wind energy project in Algeria since 2004.

• B.

  investing in research projects to develop alternative clean energy sources.

• C.

  reducing its contributions to the 400-megawatt hydrogen energy plant in Abu Dhabi.

• D.

  working on a biofuel project with researchers at the California Institute of Technology.

• E.

  competing with the Imperial College in London to develop flexible plastic solar cells.

Vernon Gibson believes that

• A.

  there are no new alternatives for energy generating plants.

• B.

  all power stations using coal as fuel should be closed down.

• C.

  petroleum-powered energy stations are the only substitute for dirty coal plants.

• D.

  wind, nuclear and CCS are poor alternatives for immediate and large scale use.

• E.

  a wide range of energy sources, conventional or not, will be necessary in the future.