Questões de Língua Inglesa da Fundação CESGRANRIO (CESGRANRIO)

In the excerpt of Text I: “other estimates find that immigration raises the wages of all US workers, regardless of education” (lines 23-25), regardless of, is substituted, without change in meaning, by

• A. as a result of
• B. because of
• C. except for
• D. despite
• E. due to

In Texts I and II, in terms of reference, one notices that

• A. other (Text I, line 23) refers to impacts (Text I, line 23).
• B. these (Text I, line 33) refers to programs (Text I, line 31).
• C. them (Text II, line 46) refers to working folks (Text II, line 48).
• D. it (Text II, line 48) refers to way of life (Text II, line 47).
• E. these (Text II, line 56) refers to workplaces (Text II, line 56).

In Texts I and II, in terms of meaning, one notices that

• A. cutting-edge (Text I, line 17) and vanguard convey opposite meanings.
• B. further (Text I, line 25) and additional have equivalent meanings.
• C. actually (Text I, line 32) and nowadays are synonyms.
• D. boost (Text I, line 41) and raise are antonyms.
• E. sub par (Text II, line 21) and extraordinary express similar ideas.

In Text II, the sentence that expresses the idea of absolute certainty in the future is

• A. “even poor campesinos from El Salvador can prosper in the US” (lines 4-5)
• B. “many predicted Brazil would become a world power” (lines 17-18)
• C. “There are many reasons and factors that could explain Brazil’s backwardness” (lines 22-23)
• D. “It may be that these jobs are now forever changed” (lines 39-40)
• E. "globalization will bring benefits” (line 46)

In the excerpts of Text II: “The US economic and social systems are set up to provide opportunity for immigrants to prosper” (lines 10-12) and “if immigrants are instead brought in as low-wage replacements for American workers” (lines 60-61) set up and brought in mean, respectively,

• A. established – introduced
• B. ignored – incorporated
• C. organized – discarded
• D. forbidden – eliminated
• E. created – returned

In the excerpt of Text II: “living standards are severely damaged for both immigrants and native-born Americans, that is for everyone but the 0.1% wealthiest Americans who benefit from cheap labor” (lines 64-67), that is introduces a(n)

• A. contrast
• B. solution
• C. hypothesis
• D. addition
• E. explanation

U.N., who wrote Comment 1 in Text II, defends that

• A. a country becomes a superpower when it takes up in its workforce more qualified immigrant professionals and rejects unskilled workers.
• B. low-skilled immigrants to the US find more opportunities to prosper than they would in their countries of origin.
• C. Brazil is still an emerging country because it has closed its doors to immigration of unskilled workers from South American countries.
• D. Brazil offers its immigrant population appropriate educational conditions to become valuable citizens.
• E. Brazil’s illiterate population and El Salvador’s immigrants to the US have no opportunity to prosper and help the countries’ economic growth.

When relating the ideas in Text I with those in Text II, one concludes that the

• A. author of Comment 1, U.N., has a view that is contrary to that manifested by the author of Text I in terms of a country’s economic standards.
• B. author of Comment 2, T. McK, supports the argument on the relation between economic growth and foreign workforce exposed in Text I.
• C. author of Comment 1, U.N., and the author of Comment 3, J.I., side with the author of Text I about immigration and economic development.
• D. authors of Comments 2 and 3, T. McK and J.I., respectively, oppose the view on the relation between economic development and rates of immigration expressed in Text I.
• E. three commentators agree with the perspective on the importance of immigration defended by the author of Text I.

In Text I, we understand that Lu

• A. went to war when he was 30.
• B. became a veteran before he started teaching at MIT.
• C. has first trained people to be engineers and will soon get a medical degree.
• D. is both an engineer and a medical doctor and now works as an MIT professor.
• E. started medical school at MIT at 30.

In Text I, Lu describes himself in a biology lab as

• A. methodic
• B. relaxed
• C. clumsy
• D. paranoid
• E. unconscious