Questões sobre Interpretação de Texto

The wordplay in the title refers to the fact that the

• A.

  IMF has not dared to open its reserved archives in Washington to the public in general.

• B.

  IMF has been adopting a transparency policy so as to enhance its credibility and legitimacy.

• C.

  IMF must be freed from the impositions of the world leaders on its financial decisions.

• D.

  once secret information kept by the IMF is not freely discussed nor is it easily negotiable.

• E.

  world economies are trying to get rid of the excessive control of the IMF over their financial systems.

The only argument that CANNOT be considered supportive of publishing the IMF documents is that the

• A.

  public must be made aware of what the IMF has been doing and the support it is giving to economic policy issues.

• B.

  IMF will be regarded as a more trustworthy institution if it releases its documents and financial decisions to the public at large.

• C.

  language used in documents that circulate publicly is usually more controlled and therefore less frank and direct in exposing opinions and facts.

• D.

  lack of access of external stakeholders to the issues the IMF supports and the actions it takes makes the institution more vulnerable and less effective.

• E.

  relevant changes made to the financing structure of the institution were only effected in recognition of the IMF as a reputable and candid organization.

The expression in boldtype and the item in parenthesis are semantically equivalent in

• A.

  "In all, it makes us a more effective and legitimate institution." - lines 21-22. (all things considered).

• B.

  "the Fund cannot be a genuine leader on economic policy issues unless it is seen as transparent." - lines 23-24. (given that).

• C.

  "Rather, further efforts should focus on making progress on a broad front, on issues that may catch fewer headlines," - lines 45-47. (moreover).

• D.

  "To this end, there is a long-standing and fundamental principle that Fund reports are not 'negotiated' documents." - lines 52-54. (last but not least).

• E.

  "We should also consider whether we can make some archived material available more quickly to the public." - lines 58-60. (while).

The comment above is in tune with Moghadam's ideas, because Rahim states that

• A.

  secret reports are not welcome in the IMF any more because they actually distort real world data.

• B.

  some concealment measures should be preserved so as to protect IMF archives and country reports.

• C.

  no country reports should be mandatory to avoid the imbalance of power among the world's leading nations.

• D.

  the transparency initiatives promoted by the IMF may eventually lead to mistakes and to an abuse of power.

• E.

  the IMF should regularly publish reports in order to keep the world informed on financial and economic issues the institution has adopted.

The author reports that world oil reserves are at a ‘tipping point’ because oil

• A.

  is already being replaced by alternative fuels in most uses of the fuel.

• B.

  is now in shortage and will not supply global needs in the near future.

• C.

  has already been substituted by alternative energy fuel resources worldwide.

• D.

  has been misreported as non-abundant to satisfy political interests of non-producing nations.

• E.

  has reached a peak in off-shore wells and is now abundantly extracted from tar sand reserves.

The word in parentheses describes the idea expressed by the word in boldtype in

• A.

  “...a need to accelerate the development of alternative energy fuel resources in order to ensure energy security and reduce emissions,” - lines 5-7 (contrast)

• B.

  “‘The common belief that alternative fuels such as biofuels...” - lines 18-19 (result)

• C.

  “Instead of relying on those silver bullet solutions,”- lines 22-23 (consequence)

• D.

  “However, these methods have a far higher carbon output than conventional drilling,” - lines 54-55 (reason)

• E.

  “...the emissions produced during extraction as well as during usage.” - lines 57-58 (addition)

Dr. Oliver Inderwildi supports all of the following statements EXCEPT

• A.

  Alternative energy sources, like hydrogen, are still not foreseen as productive in the immediate future.

• B.

  It is illusory to believe that the production of alternative fuels will make up for the decline in oil supply.

• C.

  There is enough soil available in the world for the production of agricultural products to meet the needs of both food and energy.

• D.

  It is more advisable to start using energy more efficiently than to depend on alternative solutions that are not yet entirely developed.

• E.

  Using electricity for transportation and reducing the dependence on oil are unripe strategies that still have a minor impact in the current scenario.

Nick Owen believes that

• A.

  stricter environmental regulations will impose even more restrictions on the already heavy challenges in oil supply.

• B.

  more demand for oil will certainly not interfere with the current support for ecological programs to reduce carbon emissions.

• C.

  further investments in newly found oil reserves will be the only alternative to help maintain future energy stability in the world.

• D.

  shifting to fuel production from tar sands can reduce the oil problems, since tar sands are more abundant and less expensive to drill.

• E.

  the exploration of lower grade resources seems to be the best solution to conform to the environmental policies in favor of low carbon emissions.

Choose the incorrect alternative concerning some principles that underlie the Audiolingual as a language teaching method or approach.

• A.

  Language forms do not occur by themselves; they occur most naturally within a context.

• B.

  The purpose of language learning is to learn how to use the language to communicate.

• C.

  Attempts to communicate may be encouraged from the very beginning.

• D.

  Each language has a finite number of patterns.

• E.

  The learning of a foreign language should be the same as the acquisition of the native language. So, it is not necessary to memorize rules in order to use the native language.

In the text, ‘contradictory estimates of oil reserve data available in the public domain.’ (lines 38-39) refers to the fact that

• A.

  the figures on the probable amount of remaining oil in reserves known have been inaccurately announced.

• B.

  researchers in the Smith School have reached conclusions on the use of energy alternatives that confirm the opinion of political leaders.

• C.

  oil reserves estimates should be readjusted to indicate that around twelve hundred billion barrels are available for consumption.

• D.

  political and financial concerns have led to the announcement of precise data on oil production available to the public.

• E.

  only 850-900 billion barrels will be produced by the middle of the current decade.