Questões de Língua Inglesa da Fundação CESGRANRIO (CESGRANRIO)

According to Anna Nagurney, in paragraph 3 (lines 14-26), an efficient logistics system must consider the

• A.

  shortest route that links two fragile end points.

• B.

  only means to take perishable goods by land.

• C.

  most profitable network, in terms of cheap transport.

• D.

  lowest cost to place goods safely and in adequate conditions.

• E.

  use of standard transportation means normally used for medical products.

Nagurney’s comment “ ‘It’s a multicriteria decision-making problem.’” (lines 25-26) refers to the fact that

• A.

  in regular deliveries, many problems are caused by the same factors.

• B.

  the transportation of unperishable goods is the single issue to be considered.

• C.

  finding efficacious transportation solutions depends exclusively on political decisions.

• D.

  inefficient management has been multiplying the problems caused by distribution channels.

• E.

  delivering products in emergency situations requires analyzing many factors besides cost and time.

Iain Couzin is mentioned in paragraph 5 (lines 33-40) because he

• A.

  believes that computational tools are very useful in predicting and reacting to misfortunate incidents.

• B.

  provides the only efficient alternative to the computer model presented by Anna Nagurney.

• C.

  claims that the use of computational tools in dealing with disaster scenarios has been ineffective.

• D.

  found a faster and more reliable means of preventing epidemics and breaches of security.

• E.

  developed mathematical tools to justify individual animal routines.

“such critical perturbations,” (lines 34-35) refers to all the items below, EXCEPT

• A.

  congestion

• B.

  delivery delays

• C.

  computer supplies

• D.

  disrupted roads

• E.

  loss of products

Based on the meanings in the text, the two items are antonymous in

• A.

  “…tough…” (subtitle) – complicated

• B.

  “…clogged…” (line 7) – crowded

• C.

  “…disrupted.” (line 32) – destroyed

• D.

  “…breaches…” (line 40) – violations

• E.

  “pressing…” (line 41) – trivial

In “The work can be applied to immediate, pressing situations,” (lines 41-42), the fragment “can be applied” is replaced, without change in meaning, by

• A.

  may be applied.

• B.

  has to be applied.

• C.

  ought to be applied.

• D.

  will definitely be applied.

• E.

  might occasionally be applied.

The author’s main purpose in this text is to

• A.

  warn readers against working all day without having lunch.

• B.

  list five things all office workers should do to get a promotion.

• C.

  argument in favor of eating lunch in the office to save more time for gym classes.

• D.

  explain why readers should get rid of their electronic devices for fifteen minutes every day.

• E.

  convince readers to have a healthier job routine by including some time away from work.

In the fragments, “office workers would rise up midday…” (lines 2-3) and “‘You have to eliminate the guilt…’” (lines 14- 15), the verb forms in bold express the ideas, respectively, of

• A.

  necessity – suggestion

• B.

  habit in the past – obligation

• C.

  possibility – hypothesis

• D.

  ability – probability

• E.

  intention – inference

The author uses the fragment “Code yourself as ‘unavailable.’ ” (lines 29-30) to mean that

• A.

  work mates must learn that you are not to be disturbed at any time.

• B.

  nobody needs to ask you why you are not at your desk at a certain hour.

• C.

  workers should predict when their manager’s electronic schedules will not be available.

• D.

  all electronic schedules and agendas must be seen by the team members who share your office.

• E.

  professionals should assign periods in which they will be unreachable by their colleagues at work.

In the excerpts “The promise of a lunch break could make for a more productive morning:” (lines 39-40) and “whether it’s going to the gym or sneaking out to your car to read,”(lines 49-50), the verb phrases ‘make for’ and ‘sneaking out to’ mean, respectively

• A.

  bring about – slipping away to

• B.

  call off – hurrying on to

• C.

  get rid of – leaving from

• D.

  fight off – coming out of

• E.

  put up – escaping from