Questões de Língua Inglesa da Fundação CESGRANRIO (CESGRANRIO)

The boldfaced item can be replaced by the word in parentheses, without change in meaning, in

• A.

  “Taking a break in the workday is more than an indulgence, though:” lines 10-12 (therefore).

• B.

  “ ‘Indeed, many people are wishing they could just peel themselves away,’” lines 20-21 (Nevertheless).

• C.

  “Thus, invite a co-worker to take daily walks with you…” lines 22-23 (So).

• D.

  “then commit to just one or two big breaks a week.” lines 33-34 (however).

• E.

  “While most co-workers care less about your habits than you think they do,” lines 52-53 (Because).

The expression in boldface introduces the idea of conclusion in

• A.

  “But a new model quickly determines the best routes and means for delivering humanitarian aid,” (lines 4-6)

• B.

  “Rather than considering the shortest path from one place to another to maximize profit,” (lines 20-21)

• C.

  “her system aims for the cleanest path at minimum cost, while capturing factors such as the perishability of the product…” (lines 21-23)

• D.

  “‘You don’t know where demand is, so it’s tricky,’” (lines 24-25)

• E.

  “ ‘This is particularly important where response must be rapid and effective, such as during disaster scenarios...’” (lines 37-39)

The computer model discussed in the text “…copes with chaos to deliver relief” (title) and analyzes different factors. The only factor NOT taken in consideration in the model is the

• A.

  probability of product decay or loss.

• B.

  possible congestions in chaotic areas.

• C.

  reduction of costs to increase profits.

• D.

  unpredictability of status of certain routes.

• E.

  most efficient route between geographical areas.

In terms of pronominal reference,

• A.

  “…that…” (line 2) refers to “…blood…” (line 1).

• B.

  “…which…” (line 11) refers to “…supplies…” (line 10).

• C.

  “where…” (line 16) refers to “…networks” (line 15).

• D.

  “…where…” (line 31) refers to “…routes…” (line 31).

• E.

  “This…” (line 37) refers to “…behavior.” (line 37).

The author’s intention in this text is to

• A.

  warn organizations that 21st century employees should abandon creatonomy at work.

• B.

  clarify the scope of innovation in business environments and restrain its relevance to certain jobs.

• C.

  blame employees for distorting the original meaning of innovation for their benefit.

• D.

  encourage employees to become more creative and innovative than the leadership team.

• E.

  suggest that top leaders in industrial companies should avoid being innovative.

Based on the meanings in the text,

• A.

  “...Gauge...” (title) cannot be replaced by estimate.

• B.

  “...issue...” (line 8) is the opposite of announce.

• C.

  “...spur...” (line 9) and stimulate are antonyms.

• D.

  “...outdistanced...” (line 27) and exceeded are synonyms.

• E.

  “...deployed...” (line 34) and dismissed express similar ideas.

The fragment “…to teach everyone how to think outside the box.” (lines 15-16) suggests that company leaders are

• A.

  stimulating employees to adopt classic ways of thinking and behaving.

• B.

  defending that all workers must learn to organize their materials in classified boxes.

• C.

  showing their employees how to look further and see things from unconventional perspectives.

• D.

  finding ways to criticize the business executives’ lateral thought processes which contradict standard ideas.

• E.

  planning new courses and training sessions that will teach workers to follow all of the norms for out-of-company procedures.

Based on the meanings in Text I, the two words are antonymous in

• A.

  “...realise...” (line 23) – understand

• B.

  “...stretch...” (line 42) – bridge

• C.

  “...curb...” (line 46) – foster

• D.

  “...faltered...” (line 77) – halted

• E.

  “...blaming...” (line 78) – reproaching

In “…only a limited number of people in any company really needs to be innovative.” (lines 34-35), the fragment “really needs to be” transmits the idea of

• A.

  minor ability

• B.

  strong necessity

• C.

  weak possibility

• D.

  severe regulation

• E.

  inevitable advice

In the fragments “…this will inspire people to come up with new ideas that will revolutionize the long-term strategic and financial prospects of the company.” (lines 19-22) and “…customers can’t rely on what they’re going to get.” (lines 52-53), “come up with” and “rely on” could be replaced in the text with, respectively,

• A.

  suggest – depend on

• B.

  propose – calculate

• C.

  supply – understand

• D.

  borrow – count on

• E.

  discard – believe in